Why Christianity Rejected Reincarnation
by Gary J. McDonald
http://goo.gl/diKRKU
Hundreds of writings by a wide range of authors were considered and voted on. Yes, voted on! A number of writings received a majority vote while many other books, some with opposing viewpoints, were subsequently excluded......Why most Christians disregard the possibility of reincarnation is in large part due to what a few hundred men voted on nearly two thousand years ago.
Reincarnation, Jesus, the Bible, New Testament & Christian Doctrine
http://goo.gl/Z0htWS
To further his agenda, Justinian convened the Fifth Ecumenical Council in 553 A.D., with only six bishops of the Western Church in attendance. On the other hand, 159 bishops of the Eastern Church, which Justinian controlled, were present. An image of Justinian is provided to the right.
It was at this meeting that pre-existence of the soul was voted out of Church doctrine. Emperor Justinian manipulated Church doctrine by stacking the voting deck in his favor.
Emperor responsible for ban on rebirth doctrine
In 553 AD the Emperor Justinius had teachings on reincarnation banned.
http://goo.gl/6qPKb7
Sunday, September 13, 2015
基督教輪迴觀 -- 花冧電台 FarumRadio
ep12 – 基督教輪迴觀 | 花冧電台 FarumRadio
Download Program MP3 Audio
內容:
第一世紀猶太史學家約瑟夫的記錄中可見當時猶太教三大支派中艾賽尼派和法利賽派均相信一如畢達哥拉斯的輪迴說,如此說《使徒行傳》23:8 的「撒都該人說沒有復活」一說是要凸顯撒都該人有別於其他當時普遍的輪迴,亦即「復活」。
在聖經新舊約皆可見當時信奉輪迴的證據,如《約翰福音》中門徒與耶穌討論失明的人的緣由,施洗約翰和耶穌原為那位先知轉世的爭論等。
早期基督教不同教派亦有各自有趣的輪迴觀,並視肉身為困鎖靈魂的牢獄,如何脫出此肉身和輪迴為當時重要的教導。
第二世紀俄利根為正統教父提倡輪迴說的表表者,他相信神造出了宇宙作為世人和萬物的靈修場所,讓他們在裡面生生世世地磨練而逐層提昇,最終得以歸復至永恆中,而基督就是作為此修復過程中世人的典範。
此說在正統教會一直流傳了三百年之久,遲至第六世紀東羅馬帝國皇帝查士丁尼一世才設法將俄利根之說定為異端,並拘禁當時支持此說的教皇維吉利,當中提出否定輪迴說的首要原因為「惟恐輪迴說會削弱基督救贖的重要」。
此外,輪迴說在古今猶太教中亦是相當普遍的觀念,稱為Gilgul ha Neshamot (靈魂的輪轉)。卡巴拉更發展出解說輪迴的仔細學說,如靈魂的層次、靈魂的數量單位等等。今集古猶太與基督教鮮為人知輪迴觀將會完全呈現!
參考資料:
基督教輪迴論的消逝 :
論大公會議是如何妞曲教義的
http://goo.gl/m1OusD
http://ramsss.com/christian/books/reincarnation
拿賽派《靈知之頌》:
宇宙創始之律,萬有和眾生之源,
就是那智慧至善之靈;
第二的混沌從首生之子應運而生;
第三的靈按著兩者的形像而得生。
牠就像隻羞怯的麀鹿,死亡在大地上週而復始的獵殺牠,
為的是要證明自己的能力。
今朝是光明樂土,明日卻掉進厄難裡,
終日沈吟在痛苦和淚水中,顛沛流離並迷失在迷宮裡。
徒然地找尋出路。耶穌就對父說:「父啊,請你看這個受盡折磨的生命,
牠在哀鴻遍野中遊盪,遠離了你的氣息。
牠試著逃離那酷虐的混沌,卻不知逃出的方法。
差我下去吧!父啊,為著去營救牠。
憑著手上的封印去降世,我便能通行無阻的穿越天空掌權者們,
揭開所有奧秘,並以不同的神之形態展現。
傳授他們真道的秘訣,我稱它為靈知。
_____________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《麥基洗德》段落中譯:萬有之父,本著對世人的憐憫你差遣光輝的天使展示天上的奧秘,
祂來到讓我從無知和死亡的果實中起來,
因著我有一名字 — 我是麥基洗德,至高者的祭司。
我確知我就是至高者的大祭司的真實形像並轉生來到世上。
______________________
以便尼派《革利免講道集》段落中譯:自太初不斷更換自己的形態和名字,週而復始地在世上顯現,
直到屬於祂的時候到來,祂將得到神的恩慈之膏立,
使祂永遠地得享安息。」
________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《多馬福音》段落中譯:
耶穌說:「尚未轉生成人的有福了。
若果你願意跟追隨我和我所說的,
石頭也要聽命於你。在樂園中你有著五棵樹,
它們夏天時不動搖,冬天時不會落葉,
凡認識這五棵樹的必不會嚐到死亡。」
_______________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《抗衡者多馬之書》段落中譯:
謹守及祈求你自己別再以肉身再生,寧願你脫離生命痛苦的束縛。
當你禱告,你將找著歇息,因你已放下痛苦和屈辱。
當你脫離了痛苦和肉體情慾,你將從至善者得著歇息,
且與王共治,與祂結合在一起,從今時直到永遠,阿門。
_________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《約翰秘傳之書》段落中譯:
約翰問:「主啊,靈魂怎樣收縮從而返回母腹中?」祂為著我的提問而欣笑,並回答說:
「你是切實地蒙福的,因著你已悟明了。
靈魂該去跟隨另一生命之靈在其中的靈魂,
它會因此而得到救贖,從此不用再進入另一肉身中。」
___________________
《光輝之書》段落中譯:若一個人未曾完成他來世的目的,
至聖者將會將他連根拔起,
並且一次又一次的重新秧種他。靈魂皆要輪轉,人們卻不懂至聖者所設的法則。
他們不知道來世前和離世後皆要接受判決,
他們不知道自己還有多次的轉世和事情要經歷,
也不知道在另外世界沒有進入神殿的赤裸靈魂之數量。
人們亦不知道靈魂有如石頭被投石器投擲後旋轉。
然而時候將至這一切奧秘將被揭示。
___________________
薩法德拉比摩西爾示克 (Moshe Alshich) 寫作段落中譯:靈魂乃是Shekhinah流溢的靈光。
當它離開其源並包裹在人的軀體之中,
它卻未全然斷離其源。
當你從大海中抽出一桶水或是從大地挖出一片泥土,
你把那一少部份抽離那全體。
然而在屬靈領域裡靈魂卻是從不斷離其源,
並一直連接著。
_____________________
Download Program MP3 Audio
內容:
第一世紀猶太史學家約瑟夫的記錄中可見當時猶太教三大支派中艾賽尼派和法利賽派均相信一如畢達哥拉斯的輪迴說,如此說《使徒行傳》23:8 的「撒都該人說沒有復活」一說是要凸顯撒都該人有別於其他當時普遍的輪迴,亦即「復活」。
在聖經新舊約皆可見當時信奉輪迴的證據,如《約翰福音》中門徒與耶穌討論失明的人的緣由,施洗約翰和耶穌原為那位先知轉世的爭論等。
早期基督教不同教派亦有各自有趣的輪迴觀,並視肉身為困鎖靈魂的牢獄,如何脫出此肉身和輪迴為當時重要的教導。
第二世紀俄利根為正統教父提倡輪迴說的表表者,他相信神造出了宇宙作為世人和萬物的靈修場所,讓他們在裡面生生世世地磨練而逐層提昇,最終得以歸復至永恆中,而基督就是作為此修復過程中世人的典範。
此說在正統教會一直流傳了三百年之久,遲至第六世紀東羅馬帝國皇帝查士丁尼一世才設法將俄利根之說定為異端,並拘禁當時支持此說的教皇維吉利,當中提出否定輪迴說的首要原因為「惟恐輪迴說會削弱基督救贖的重要」。
此外,輪迴說在古今猶太教中亦是相當普遍的觀念,稱為Gilgul ha Neshamot (靈魂的輪轉)。卡巴拉更發展出解說輪迴的仔細學說,如靈魂的層次、靈魂的數量單位等等。今集古猶太與基督教鮮為人知輪迴觀將會完全呈現!
參考資料:
基督教輪迴論的消逝 :
論大公會議是如何妞曲教義的
http://goo.gl/m1OusD
http://ramsss.com/christian/books/reincarnation
拿賽派《靈知之頌》:
宇宙創始之律,萬有和眾生之源,
就是那智慧至善之靈;
第二的混沌從首生之子應運而生;
第三的靈按著兩者的形像而得生。
牠就像隻羞怯的麀鹿,死亡在大地上週而復始的獵殺牠,
為的是要證明自己的能力。
今朝是光明樂土,明日卻掉進厄難裡,
終日沈吟在痛苦和淚水中,顛沛流離並迷失在迷宮裡。
徒然地找尋出路。耶穌就對父說:「父啊,請你看這個受盡折磨的生命,
牠在哀鴻遍野中遊盪,遠離了你的氣息。
牠試著逃離那酷虐的混沌,卻不知逃出的方法。
差我下去吧!父啊,為著去營救牠。
憑著手上的封印去降世,我便能通行無阻的穿越天空掌權者們,
揭開所有奧秘,並以不同的神之形態展現。
傳授他們真道的秘訣,我稱它為靈知。
_____________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《麥基洗德》段落中譯:萬有之父,本著對世人的憐憫你差遣光輝的天使展示天上的奧秘,
祂來到讓我從無知和死亡的果實中起來,
因著我有一名字 — 我是麥基洗德,至高者的祭司。
我確知我就是至高者的大祭司的真實形像並轉生來到世上。
______________________
以便尼派《革利免講道集》段落中譯:自太初不斷更換自己的形態和名字,週而復始地在世上顯現,
直到屬於祂的時候到來,祂將得到神的恩慈之膏立,
使祂永遠地得享安息。」
________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《多馬福音》段落中譯:
耶穌說:「尚未轉生成人的有福了。
若果你願意跟追隨我和我所說的,
石頭也要聽命於你。在樂園中你有著五棵樹,
它們夏天時不動搖,冬天時不會落葉,
凡認識這五棵樹的必不會嚐到死亡。」
_______________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《抗衡者多馬之書》段落中譯:
謹守及祈求你自己別再以肉身再生,寧願你脫離生命痛苦的束縛。
當你禱告,你將找著歇息,因你已放下痛苦和屈辱。
當你脫離了痛苦和肉體情慾,你將從至善者得著歇息,
且與王共治,與祂結合在一起,從今時直到永遠,阿門。
_________________
《拿戈瑪第古本》的《約翰秘傳之書》段落中譯:
約翰問:「主啊,靈魂怎樣收縮從而返回母腹中?」祂為著我的提問而欣笑,並回答說:
「你是切實地蒙福的,因著你已悟明了。
靈魂該去跟隨另一生命之靈在其中的靈魂,
它會因此而得到救贖,從此不用再進入另一肉身中。」
___________________
《光輝之書》段落中譯:若一個人未曾完成他來世的目的,
至聖者將會將他連根拔起,
並且一次又一次的重新秧種他。靈魂皆要輪轉,人們卻不懂至聖者所設的法則。
他們不知道來世前和離世後皆要接受判決,
他們不知道自己還有多次的轉世和事情要經歷,
也不知道在另外世界沒有進入神殿的赤裸靈魂之數量。
人們亦不知道靈魂有如石頭被投石器投擲後旋轉。
然而時候將至這一切奧秘將被揭示。
___________________
薩法德拉比摩西爾示克 (Moshe Alshich) 寫作段落中譯:靈魂乃是Shekhinah流溢的靈光。
當它離開其源並包裹在人的軀體之中,
它卻未全然斷離其源。
當你從大海中抽出一桶水或是從大地挖出一片泥土,
你把那一少部份抽離那全體。
然而在屬靈領域裡靈魂卻是從不斷離其源,
並一直連接著。
_____________________
Wednesday, September 9, 2015
Tuesday, September 8, 2015
Pole Dancing For Man 男鋼管舞
Pole Dancing For Man 男鋼管舞
http://easss.com/sports/pole-dancing
#VIRALKB ¿Qué le parece?
Posted by Ke Buena México on Saturday, September 5, 2015
http://easss.com/sports/pole-dancing
Monday, September 7, 2015
中秋月餅優惠2015
月餅街 | 中秋月餅 | 冰皮月餅 | 大班月餅 | 奇華月餅 | 東海堂 | 榮華月餅 | 美心月餅 | 聖安娜月餅 | 龍島 | 稻香
http://q.gs/1uTJU
渣打信用卡尊享月餅優惠2015
https://goo.gl/sdMQfK
懷舊有機雜貨舖 低卡有機黃豆渣月餅至有營
2012-09-17
http://q.gs/1uT6c
美心雙黃白蓮蓉月餅
http://q.gs/1uTCr
美心雙黃蓮蓉月餅, 美心三黃白蓮蓉月餅 (個裝), 美心三黃蓮蓉月餅 (個裝), 美心迷你珍藏版月餅, 美心月餅精選口味限量版, 雙黃白蓮蓉, 雙黃蓮蓉, 金腿伍仁, 蛋黃豆沙, 低糖蛋黃, 低糖欖仁, 美心明月雙輝月餅 (2個裝/4個裝)
大班冰皮月餅 Snowy Mooncakes
http://q.gs/1v3rZ
奇華餅家至尊月餅
http://goo.gl/v1fIjs
朗廷月餅/國金軒奶黃月餅團購2013 by Calvin Wong
http://www.facebook.com/penmooncake
http://q.gs/1uTJU
渣打信用卡尊享月餅優惠2015
https://goo.gl/sdMQfK
懷舊有機雜貨舖 低卡有機黃豆渣月餅至有營
2012-09-17
http://q.gs/1uT6c
美心雙黃白蓮蓉月餅
http://q.gs/1uTCr
美心雙黃蓮蓉月餅, 美心三黃白蓮蓉月餅 (個裝), 美心三黃蓮蓉月餅 (個裝), 美心迷你珍藏版月餅, 美心月餅精選口味限量版, 雙黃白蓮蓉, 雙黃蓮蓉, 金腿伍仁, 蛋黃豆沙, 低糖蛋黃, 低糖欖仁, 美心明月雙輝月餅 (2個裝/4個裝)
大班冰皮月餅 Snowy Mooncakes
http://q.gs/1v3rZ
奇華餅家至尊月餅
http://goo.gl/v1fIjs
朗廷月餅/國金軒奶黃月餅團購2013 by Calvin Wong
http://www.facebook.com/penmooncake
Monday, August 31, 2015
淘寶購物攻略
激省淘金術!淘寶買物教戰守則
作者:張香腸
出版日:2014/12/30
http://goo.gl/tj3jhj
第一次買淘寶就上手|什麼都有的暢快購物攻略
作者:榛果瑪其朵
出版日:2014/9/15
http://goo.gl/vXMkup
淘寶成功大解密
出版日:2014/9/15
http://goo.gl/uXj1QL
淘寶掏到寶的終極指南:凍薪族們讓我教你找便宜!
作者:亓漢威
出版日:2012/12/20
http://goo.gl/kbW6R1
作者:張香腸
出版日:2014/12/30
http://goo.gl/tj3jhj
第一次買淘寶就上手|什麼都有的暢快購物攻略
作者:榛果瑪其朵
出版日:2014/9/15
http://goo.gl/vXMkup
淘寶成功大解密
出版日:2014/9/15
http://goo.gl/uXj1QL
淘寶掏到寶的終極指南:凍薪族們讓我教你找便宜!
作者:亓漢威
出版日:2012/12/20
http://goo.gl/kbW6R1
淘寶代收 代購 代充支付寶 代寄國內快件
彬利物流,淘寶代收 電話/微信:65240511
平價傢私運送過關,淘寶代收服務!
https://goo.gl/4jBxI1
淘寶代收...代購...代充支付寶......代寄國內快件
https://goo.gl/Jlk5Q1
淘寶代購,香港地鐵站交收
https://goo.gl/fSUoBo
淘寶代購
先入數(匯豐/中銀)後訂貨
Whatapp:56228799
https://goo.gl/qK6iAD
平價傢私運送過關,淘寶代收服務!
https://goo.gl/4jBxI1
淘寶代收...代購...代充支付寶......代寄國內快件
https://goo.gl/Jlk5Q1
淘寶代購,香港地鐵站交收
https://goo.gl/fSUoBo
淘寶代購
先入數(匯豐/中銀)後訂貨
Whatapp:56228799
https://goo.gl/qK6iAD
Friday, August 21, 2015
Clearing Browser Cookies Probably Won't Get You Better Flight Deals
Clearing Browser Cookies Probably Won't Get You Better Flight Deals
1/10/2015
http://goo.gl/T2WIlo
Internet shoppers beware: Websites change product prices depending on a customer's purchase history - and even where they live
11/03/2014
http://goo.gl/mCValu
Online Stores Change Prices Depending on How You Shop. Here’s How
11/13/2014
http://goo.gl/oyrb5W
How Web Sites Vary Prices Based on Your Information (and What You Can Do About It)
10/07/2013
http://goo.gl/wKZ6q
Airfare Expert: Do cookies really raise airfares?
4/30/2013
http://goo.gl/ITOun
Do travel deals change based on your browsing history?
4/03/2013
http://goo.gl/t07Qz
1/10/2015
http://goo.gl/T2WIlo
Internet shoppers beware: Websites change product prices depending on a customer's purchase history - and even where they live
11/03/2014
http://goo.gl/mCValu
Online Stores Change Prices Depending on How You Shop. Here’s How
11/13/2014
http://goo.gl/oyrb5W
How Web Sites Vary Prices Based on Your Information (and What You Can Do About It)
10/07/2013
http://goo.gl/wKZ6q
Airfare Expert: Do cookies really raise airfares?
4/30/2013
http://goo.gl/ITOun
Do travel deals change based on your browsing history?
4/03/2013
http://goo.gl/t07Qz
Tuesday, August 18, 2015
Agnihotra Homam
http://digcan.com/health/prana
Prashanti Herb Journal: Agnihotra Empowerment
https://youtu.be/Es_8TnBIWGI
Agnihotra is Simple-Homa Therapy.mpeg
https://youtu.be/kbRj8KwS6qs
HOW TO PERFORM AGNIHOTRA
https://youtu.be/F7FJT7DW0Xc
The Sunrise and Sunset Mantras:
In the morning exactly at sunrise the offerings are made with the Mantras: (While meditating on the divinity, viz. Soorya)
1. ‘Sooryaya svaha, sooryaya idam na mama’
2. ‘Prajapataye swaha, prajapataye idam na mama’ (God or divinity of creation)
And in the Evening Exactly at the Sunset the Offerings are Made With the Mantras:
(While meditating on divinity fire-god.)
1. ‘Agnaye swaha, agnaye idam na mama’
2. ‘Prajapataye swaha, prajapataye, idam na mama’ (God or divinity of creation)
Saturday, August 15, 2015
China explosions: Potent chemical mix behind Tianjin blasts
China explosions: Potent chemical mix behind Tianjin blasts
8/15/2015
Authorities had earlier said that the warehouse contained calcium carbide, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate.
Calcium carbide is used in the production of PVC plastic, while the other two chemicals are used in producing fertiliser and dynamite.
There were unconfirmed reports that the warehouse contained 700 tonnes of sodium cyanide, stored in wooden boxes or iron barrels. The chemical is used in the mining industry, among other uses. Police on Saturday confirmed the presence of an unspecified quantity of it near the site.
http://goo.gl/BKMmZz
(Tianjin disaster) Logistics company Ruihai stocked many hazardous materials
8/14/2015
http://goo.gl/cE5RfL
Notepad Replacement
8/15/2015
Authorities had earlier said that the warehouse contained calcium carbide, potassium nitrate and ammonium nitrate.
Calcium carbide is used in the production of PVC plastic, while the other two chemicals are used in producing fertiliser and dynamite.
There were unconfirmed reports that the warehouse contained 700 tonnes of sodium cyanide, stored in wooden boxes or iron barrels. The chemical is used in the mining industry, among other uses. Police on Saturday confirmed the presence of an unspecified quantity of it near the site.
http://goo.gl/BKMmZz
(Tianjin disaster) Logistics company Ruihai stocked many hazardous materials
8/14/2015
http://goo.gl/cE5RfL
Notepad Replacement
Friday, August 14, 2015
香港殉職警務消防人員列表
香港殉職警務人員列表
https://goo.gl/tdCN3O
香港殉職消防人員列表
https://goo.gl/B9HvKd
Trivago Hotel Booking
澳門殉職警務人員列表
https://goo.gl/Lp89Ui
澳門殉職消防人員列表
https://goo.gl/3shgmD
香港命案列表
https://goo.gl/TZm1Ia
https://goo.gl/tdCN3O
香港殉職消防人員列表
https://goo.gl/B9HvKd
Trivago Hotel Booking
澳門殉職警務人員列表
https://goo.gl/Lp89Ui
澳門殉職消防人員列表
https://goo.gl/3shgmD
香港命案列表
https://goo.gl/TZm1Ia
Tuesday, August 11, 2015
鯨鯊疑在廣東/福建被活宰切割
鯨鯊疑在廣東/福建被活宰切割
任何生物進入天朝大國,必死無疑!微博引述......一條疑似國家二級保護動物鯨鯊的大魚,在岸邊被切割分段。視頻中,魚嘴一張一合,大量血水從體內湧出。兩名男子用長刀將鯨鯊鋸段時,不少圍觀者驚呼“好恐怖啊”、“太殘忍”時竟有女子歡快地與之合影。
福建誤捕2噸鯨鯊切割
https://youtu.be/BeDwZwUQziM
實拍廣東巨型鯨鯊遭漁民拉大鋸活宰 身斷數截仍喘氣
https://youtu.be/iZKkVD0OFgw
直擊中國市場殘忍屠宰瀕危鯨鯊
LiveLeak最近有人上傳了一則殘忍影片-瀕危的鯨鯊於中國市場內被大卸八塊。在場圍觀的人明顯可以看到鯨鯊當時還未死。兩名漁民在宰割時,一度有血水從鯨鯊體內噴出,但兩人依然淡定,面不改容,雖然倒是嚇到ㄧ些旁觀者。鯨鯊在中國被列為易危物種,並受法律保護,進行買賣均屬違法。但這些人似乎視法治為無物,而此等場面在中國依然常見。這已非中國漁民首次試圖於市場販售鯨鯊。去年一名福建漁民就捕獲16呎長的鯨鯊並打算出售,最後遭當局制止。
https://youtu.be/3QSL0fg-x70
直擊中國漁市 現宰瀕危鯨鯊
https://youtu.be/pE91iZ3un4s
活鋸鯨鯊!
https://youtu.be/tusxaEWISuQ
Whale shark sawed open at Chinese market while still alive
http://goo.gl/66Rrak
Vendors Saw Giant Whale Shark into Pieces for Market Sale, China
http://goo.gl/UkaNEx
Vendors saw giant whale shark into pieces for market sale
Fish is still alive and fresh.
http://goo.gl/nxCenO
Update: Authorities begin investigation into killing of whale shark
http://goo.gl/pNqjvW
任何生物進入天朝大國,必死無疑!微博引述......一條疑似國家二級保護動物鯨鯊的大魚,在岸邊被切割分段。視頻中,魚嘴一張一合,大量血水從體內湧出。兩名男子用長刀將鯨鯊鋸段時,不少圍觀者驚呼“好恐怖啊”、“太殘忍”時竟有女子歡快地與之合影。
福建誤捕2噸鯨鯊切割
https://youtu.be/BeDwZwUQziM
實拍廣東巨型鯨鯊遭漁民拉大鋸活宰 身斷數截仍喘氣
https://youtu.be/iZKkVD0OFgw
直擊中國市場殘忍屠宰瀕危鯨鯊
LiveLeak最近有人上傳了一則殘忍影片-瀕危的鯨鯊於中國市場內被大卸八塊。在場圍觀的人明顯可以看到鯨鯊當時還未死。兩名漁民在宰割時,一度有血水從鯨鯊體內噴出,但兩人依然淡定,面不改容,雖然倒是嚇到ㄧ些旁觀者。鯨鯊在中國被列為易危物種,並受法律保護,進行買賣均屬違法。但這些人似乎視法治為無物,而此等場面在中國依然常見。這已非中國漁民首次試圖於市場販售鯨鯊。去年一名福建漁民就捕獲16呎長的鯨鯊並打算出售,最後遭當局制止。
https://youtu.be/3QSL0fg-x70
直擊中國漁市 現宰瀕危鯨鯊
https://youtu.be/pE91iZ3un4s
活鋸鯨鯊!
https://youtu.be/tusxaEWISuQ
Whale shark sawed open at Chinese market while still alive
http://goo.gl/66Rrak
Vendors Saw Giant Whale Shark into Pieces for Market Sale, China
http://goo.gl/UkaNEx
Vendors saw giant whale shark into pieces for market sale
Fish is still alive and fresh.
http://goo.gl/nxCenO
Update: Authorities begin investigation into killing of whale shark
http://goo.gl/pNqjvW
Sunday, July 19, 2015
Editorial: Time to tax the plastic bag
Editorial: Time to tax the plastic bag
July 14 2015
Stuff NZ
Plastic shopping bags help ruin the environment
FAIRFAX
Plastic shopping bags help ruin the environment
http://easss.com
OPINION: The war on plastic bags is now a global struggle, and New Zealand should join it.
This week a proposal for a compulsory levy on plastic shopping bags will be debated at the Local Government New Zealand conference. In fact, the time for debate is over. Now we need action.
Plastic bag levies, or even outright bans, are now common throughout the world, because bags are an environmental menace. They break down slowly and so they continue to blight the landscape and kill sea life and animals for many years.
It has been estimated that the world uses about a trillion single-use plastic bags each year. Millions end up in the ocean where they kill sea life and birds, including endangered species. Cattle deaths from swallowing bags are a problem from Texas to India to Africa. The bags clog drains and cause floods. Light plastic bags can blow for hundreds of kilometres and blight the rural landscape.
Taxes on plastic bags have proved surprisingly effective, as is shown by a major 2014 report for the American Earth Policy Institute. Denmark brought in its levy more than 20 years ago, and within a year usage had dropped 60 per cent. Ireland's 2002 levy is one of the most celebrated: it reduced the average use from 328 bags per consumer, the Institute reported, to 21. .
Plastic manufacturers, of course, say fewer bags will mean fewer jobs. But the days are gone when environmentally destructive industries can succeed with these kinds of arguments. If everyone stopped smoking many tobacco workers would be out of work. That is no argument for stopping the war against big tobacco.
The industry also argue that bans and levies don't always work. But usually this is because they have not been properly enforced. The Earth Institute found India's poor results were due to lack of enforcement and pressure from the plastics industry.
Just why does a small levy, of perhaps five or 10 cents a bag, typically have such a big effect on behaviour? A study by Argentinian researchers in 2012 found that one group of shoppers disliked the new levy but started using their own bags because of the cost. But another group of shoppers supported the charge for environmental reasons. The new charge forced customers to think again about their behaviour. It was a nudge to change their usual habits.
The plastic bag advocates have one surprising argument: using your own bags repeatedly can kill you. A 2012 study by George Mason University found that the switch to reusable bags was killing about five people a year in San Francisco, because their bags were left unclean and grew germs. Keeping meat and vegetables in the same bag is part of the problem. And leaving bags for long periods in the car boot provides a hothouse for bacteria.
The answer, of course, is to clean your shopping bags. There is a similarly short reply to those who say the levies are regressive, bearing more heavily on the poor. Low-income shoppers, like the rich, should switch to reusable bags.
Ad Feedback
Local Government New Zealand should back the notion of plastic bag levies, and then push the Government for action.
- Stuff
July 14 2015
Stuff NZ
Plastic shopping bags help ruin the environment
FAIRFAX
Plastic shopping bags help ruin the environment
http://easss.com
OPINION: The war on plastic bags is now a global struggle, and New Zealand should join it.
This week a proposal for a compulsory levy on plastic shopping bags will be debated at the Local Government New Zealand conference. In fact, the time for debate is over. Now we need action.
Plastic bag levies, or even outright bans, are now common throughout the world, because bags are an environmental menace. They break down slowly and so they continue to blight the landscape and kill sea life and animals for many years.
It has been estimated that the world uses about a trillion single-use plastic bags each year. Millions end up in the ocean where they kill sea life and birds, including endangered species. Cattle deaths from swallowing bags are a problem from Texas to India to Africa. The bags clog drains and cause floods. Light plastic bags can blow for hundreds of kilometres and blight the rural landscape.
Taxes on plastic bags have proved surprisingly effective, as is shown by a major 2014 report for the American Earth Policy Institute. Denmark brought in its levy more than 20 years ago, and within a year usage had dropped 60 per cent. Ireland's 2002 levy is one of the most celebrated: it reduced the average use from 328 bags per consumer, the Institute reported, to 21. .
Plastic manufacturers, of course, say fewer bags will mean fewer jobs. But the days are gone when environmentally destructive industries can succeed with these kinds of arguments. If everyone stopped smoking many tobacco workers would be out of work. That is no argument for stopping the war against big tobacco.
The industry also argue that bans and levies don't always work. But usually this is because they have not been properly enforced. The Earth Institute found India's poor results were due to lack of enforcement and pressure from the plastics industry.
Just why does a small levy, of perhaps five or 10 cents a bag, typically have such a big effect on behaviour? A study by Argentinian researchers in 2012 found that one group of shoppers disliked the new levy but started using their own bags because of the cost. But another group of shoppers supported the charge for environmental reasons. The new charge forced customers to think again about their behaviour. It was a nudge to change their usual habits.
The plastic bag advocates have one surprising argument: using your own bags repeatedly can kill you. A 2012 study by George Mason University found that the switch to reusable bags was killing about five people a year in San Francisco, because their bags were left unclean and grew germs. Keeping meat and vegetables in the same bag is part of the problem. And leaving bags for long periods in the car boot provides a hothouse for bacteria.
The answer, of course, is to clean your shopping bags. There is a similarly short reply to those who say the levies are regressive, bearing more heavily on the poor. Low-income shoppers, like the rich, should switch to reusable bags.
Ad Feedback
Local Government New Zealand should back the notion of plastic bag levies, and then push the Government for action.
- Stuff
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